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Drug Withdrawal Symptoms

MedGen UID:
39180
•Concept ID:
C0086189
•
Sign or Symptom
Synonyms: Drug Withdrawal Symptom; Symptom, Drug Withdrawal; Symptoms, Drug Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom, Drug; Withdrawal Symptoms, Drug

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of illicit drug use and treatment of illicit drug users.
Quinn DI, Wodak A, Day RO
Clin Pharmacokinet 1997 Nov;33(5):344-400. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199733050-00003. PMID: 9391747
Alleviation of drug withdrawal symptoms by treatment with a potent mixture of natural lipids.
Heron DS, Shinitzky M, Samuel D
Eur J Pharmacol 1982 Sep 24;83(3-4):253-61. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(82)90258-8. PMID: 6897387
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE AND PROMAZINE IN TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL-WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME.
SERENY G, KALANT H
Br Med J 1965 Jan 9;1(5427):92-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5427.92. PMID: 14218487Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Maternal Exposure and Neonatal Effects of Drugs of Abuse.
Barry JM, Birnbaum AK, Jasin LR, Sherwin CM
J Clin Pharmacol 2021 Aug;61 Suppl 2:S142-S155. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1928. PMID: 34396555
Psychotropic Drug Withdrawal and Holistic Tapering Strategies: A Case Series.
Brogan K, Siefert A, Whitson E, Kirsh L, Sweetan V
Adv Mind Body Med 2019 Fall;33(4):4-16. PMID: 32738037
Withdrawal Confounding in Randomized Controlled Trials of Antipsychotic, Antidepressant, and Stimulant Drugs, 2000-2017.
Récalt AM, Cohen D
Psychother Psychosom 2019;88(2):105-113. Epub 2019 Mar 20 doi: 10.1159/000496734. PMID: 30893683
Differing antidepressant maintenance methodologies.
Safer DJ
Contemp Clin Trials 2017 Oct;61:87-95. Epub 2017 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.07.021. PMID: 28739537
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of illicit drug use and treatment of illicit drug users.
Quinn DI, Wodak A, Day RO
Clin Pharmacokinet 1997 Nov;33(5):344-400. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199733050-00003. PMID: 9391747

Diagnosis

High doses of benzodiazepine predict analgesic and sedative drug withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care patients.
Amigoni A, Vettore E, Brugnolaro V, Brugnaro L, Gaffo D, Masola M, Marzollo A, Pettenazzo A
Acta Paediatr 2014 Dec;103(12):e538-43. Epub 2014 Sep 12 doi: 10.1111/apa.12777. PMID: 25131427
Relief of cannabis withdrawal symptoms and cannabis quitting strategies in people with schizophrenia.
Koola MM, Boggs DL, Kelly DL, Liu F, Linthicum JA, Turner HE, McMahon RP, Gorelick DA
Psychiatry Res 2013 Oct 30;209(3):273-8. Epub 2013 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.07.044. PMID: 23969281Free PMC Article
A treatment model for craving identification and management.
Stalcup SA, Christian D, Stalcup J, Brown M, Galloway GP
J Psychoactive Drugs 2006 Jun;38(2):189-202. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2006.10399843. PMID: 16903458
Learning and homeostasis: drug addiction and the McCollough effect.
Siegel S, Allan LG
Psychol Bull 1998 Sep;124(2):230-9. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.230. PMID: 9747187
Drug withdrawal symptoms in children after continuous infusions of fentanyl.
French JP, Nocera M
J Pediatr Nurs 1994 Apr;9(2):107-13. PMID: 8027936

Therapy

Withdrawal Confounding in Randomized Controlled Trials of Antipsychotic, Antidepressant, and Stimulant Drugs, 2000-2017.
Récalt AM, Cohen D
Psychother Psychosom 2019;88(2):105-113. Epub 2019 Mar 20 doi: 10.1159/000496734. PMID: 30893683
Safety and tolerability of sauna detoxification for the protracted withdrawal symptoms of substance abuse.
Lennox RD, Cecchini-Sternquist M
J Int Med Res 2018 Nov;46(11):4480-4499. Epub 2018 Sep 13 doi: 10.1177/0300060518779314. PMID: 30209965Free PMC Article
Differing antidepressant maintenance methodologies.
Safer DJ
Contemp Clin Trials 2017 Oct;61:87-95. Epub 2017 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.07.021. PMID: 28739537
From ultrasocial to antisocial: a role for oxytocin in the acute reinforcing effects and long-term adverse consequences of drug use?
McGregor IS, Callaghan PD, Hunt GE
Br J Pharmacol 2008 May;154(2):358-68. doi: 10.1038/bjp.2008.132. PMID: 18475254Free PMC Article
Drug withdrawal symptoms in children after continuous infusions of fentanyl.
French JP, Nocera M
J Pediatr Nurs 1994 Apr;9(2):107-13. PMID: 8027936

Prognosis

Development of the Highly Processed Food Withdrawal Scale.
Schulte EM, Smeal JK, Lewis J, Gearhardt AN
Appetite 2018 Dec 1;131:148-154. Epub 2018 Sep 15 doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.09.013. PMID: 30227182
High doses of benzodiazepine predict analgesic and sedative drug withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care patients.
Amigoni A, Vettore E, Brugnolaro V, Brugnaro L, Gaffo D, Masola M, Marzollo A, Pettenazzo A
Acta Paediatr 2014 Dec;103(12):e538-43. Epub 2014 Sep 12 doi: 10.1111/apa.12777. PMID: 25131427
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate withdrawal syndrome: dangerous but not well-known.
van Noorden MS, van Dongen LC, Zitman FG, Vergouwen TA
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2009 Jul-Aug;31(4):394-6. Epub 2008 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2008.11.001. PMID: 19555805
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of illicit drug use and treatment of illicit drug users.
Quinn DI, Wodak A, Day RO
Clin Pharmacokinet 1997 Nov;33(5):344-400. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199733050-00003. PMID: 9391747
Newborn infants with drug withdrawal symptoms.
Chasnoff IJ
Pediatr Rev 1988 Mar;9(9):273-7. doi: 10.1542/pir.9-9-273. PMID: 3067238

Clinical prediction guides

Withdrawal Confounding in Randomized Controlled Trials of Antipsychotic, Antidepressant, and Stimulant Drugs, 2000-2017.
Récalt AM, Cohen D
Psychother Psychosom 2019;88(2):105-113. Epub 2019 Mar 20 doi: 10.1159/000496734. PMID: 30893683
Safety and tolerability of sauna detoxification for the protracted withdrawal symptoms of substance abuse.
Lennox RD, Cecchini-Sternquist M
J Int Med Res 2018 Nov;46(11):4480-4499. Epub 2018 Sep 13 doi: 10.1177/0300060518779314. PMID: 30209965Free PMC Article
Evidence-based nurse-driven interventions for the care of newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Casper T, Arbour M
Adv Neonatal Care 2014 Dec;14(6):376-80. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000118. PMID: 25068529
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of illicit drug use and treatment of illicit drug users.
Quinn DI, Wodak A, Day RO
Clin Pharmacokinet 1997 Nov;33(5):344-400. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199733050-00003. PMID: 9391747
Drug withdrawal symptoms in children after continuous infusions of fentanyl.
French JP, Nocera M
J Pediatr Nurs 1994 Apr;9(2):107-13. PMID: 8027936

Recent systematic reviews

Differing antidepressant maintenance methodologies.
Safer DJ
Contemp Clin Trials 2017 Oct;61:87-95. Epub 2017 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.07.021. PMID: 28739537

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